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Submissions preparation checklist
As part of the submission process, authors must ensure that their submission meets all criteria listed below. Submissions that do not comply with these guidelines will be returned.
- The submission has not been previously published or considered by any other journal (or an explanation has been provided in the Comments to the Editorial Committee).
- The submitted file must be in Microsoft Word format.
- URLs are provided for references whenever possible.
- The text should be double-spaced, set in a 12-point font, and use italics instead of underlining (except for URLs). All figures and tables must be cited within the text. Tables and figures should be submitted separately from the text.
- The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements summarized in the Author Guidelines, which can be found in "About the Journal".
EDITORIAL GUIDELINES
Types of manuscripts: Chungara accepts the following types of original manuscripts:[1]
Unpublished research manuscripts that utilize case studies or comparative analyses to stimulate debate on pertinent issues in the field of anthropology from theoretical and methodological perspectives.
Chungara also accepts presentations and discussions of field data and/or laboratory analyses that deepen understanding of methodologies and techniques within the disciplines, as well as empirical data that explore regional themes based on case studies. Manuscripts should not exceed 10,000 words (including all sections except for the References).
Discussion papers (forums) are derived from essays or research articles that focus on contemporary theoretical or methodological issues, (with a maximum length of 10,000 words). These papers may be commissioned by the journal's editorial team or selected from submissions under consideration. Authors must request that their work be considered as such, but the final decision rests with the Editorial Committee. These papers will be reviewed by subject specialists chosen by Chungara's Editorial Committee, whose feedback (limited to 3,000 words) will then be addressed by the authors. The length of their reply should not exceed 2,500 words.
Interviews featuring conversations with individuals who have made significant contributions to knowledge, particularly in the context of Latin American social sciences. The relevance of interviews will be determined by the Editorial Committee. They should not exceed 4,500 words.
Book reviews are requested by the book's author, who recommends potential reviewers to the Editorial Committee; additionally, others may also express interest in reviewing a book. The length of the review should not exceed 3,000 words.
Obituaries acknowledge the contributions of individuals associated with the field. Their length should not exceed 3,500 words.
Author(s') contribution statement (CRediT)
Authorship of a document provides recognition and academic credit to authors and entails responsibility for the published content. In a commitment to transparency and acknowledgment of the various contributions to a manuscript and the research presented, Chungara adopts the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT). This framework defines fourteen key types of contributions or roles: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Research, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - Original Draft, and Writing - Review & Editing. For more information, visit https://credit.niso.org/. Within this framework, both the type and degree of participation must be specified (e.g., ‘lead’, ‘equal’, or ‘supporting’); for instance:
Contribution statement:
Author 1 contributed to the conceptualization (lead), research, methodological design, data systematization, analysis and interpretation, and drafting of the manuscript.
Author 2 contributed to the conceptualization (supporting), information analysis, review, and editing of the final manuscript.
All authors contributed to the development and revision of this manuscript.
Manuscript Guidelines
Manuscript Format. Use letter-sized paper with 2.5 cm margins. The font should be Times New Roman, size 12, with double spacing. Pages should be numbered and left-aligned. Line numbers must be included on each page. The document must have the line numbers inserted on each page.
Manuscript Sections. The manuscript should include the following sections: Title, authorship, and affiliation; (2) Abstract; (3) Keywords; (4) Main text; (5) Acknowledgments; (6) Cited References; (7) Notes; (8) Figures; (9) Tables.
The title, abstract, keywords, and captions for figures and tables should be provided in both Spanish and English.
- Title, authorship, and filiation. The title should be written in uppercase, bold, and centered.
On the next line, list the names of the authors, separated by commas, also centered, along with numbers indicating their institutional affiliations together with the updated ORCID ID for each author. In the footer, please provide the institutional affiliations on the left margin, in numerical order.
- Abstract. Start on a new page. It should be a clear and concise (200 words or less) standalone summary of the manuscript.
- Keywords. These are descriptors of the manuscript's content; do not go over five or six words.
- Main text. Begin on a new page.
Headings:
First-Level Headings should be capitalized (except for words with fewer than two syllables), in bold, centered, and in 12-point font, without a final period.
Second-Level Headings are written as sentences, in bold, left-aligned, and in 12-point font, without a final period.
Third-Level Headings should be written as sentences, in italics, not in bold, left-aligned, and in 12-point font, without a final period.
Use of italics:
Italics are used for scientific names (e.g., Zea mays, Ctenomys sp.; note that “sp.” should not be italicized).
Words from languages other than the manuscript's original language (e.g., mit’a) should be italicized.
Latin expressions are not typically italicized; these include et al., ca., v. gr., sensu, locus, loci, etc.
Proper nouns and demonyms should not be italicized, even if they are from a different language than that of the manuscript (e.g., aymara, maya or Aymara, Maya in English).
Abbreviations: The most common are written in Spanish as follows:
“por ejemplo” p.ej., “antes de Cristo” (AC), “después de Cristo” (DC), “antes del presente” (AP). In English texts, the abbreviations used are: “for example” (e.g.,), “before Christ” (BC), “after Christ” (AD), “before the present” (BP).
Accents:
All words, whether in lowercase or uppercase, must carry their respective accents where applicable.
Numbers:
Cardinal numbers should be written in words when the value is between zero and nine (e.g., three ceramic fragments, eight sites). If the value exceeds nine, it should be written in numerals (e.g., 53 points, 14 sites).
Ordinal numbers should always be written in words (e.g., first, tenth, hundreds), except when referring to centuries (e.g., fourth century).
Radiocarbon dates:
Dates that are published for the first time must adhere to the following guidelines (otherwise, the reference where they are published must be indicated).
Uncalibrated radiocarbon dates should be described in the first direct citation, expressed in years BP, following this order and separated by commas: (1) absolute date, (2) sigma = 1σ, (3) laboratory number, (4) dated material in parentheses
For example:
3900 + 100 BP, AA-115430 (carbon)
9510 + 70 BP, PSUAMS-139632 (bone)
Note that the dates should be presented without a period at the end.
Calibrated radiocarbon ages must be clearly identified as such. They should be expressed as ranges of calendar age, using the conventions AC or cal. AD in Spanish or cal. BC or cal. BP in English AD, indicating the calibration used and whether one or two sigmas were applied.
Measurements:
These should be expressed in Arabic numerals and in the abbreviated metric system, without a period and with a space between the number and the abbreviation e.g., 50 mm; 20 cm; 5 m; 13 km; 32 ha; 8 m²; 2 kg; 400 g; 5 liters—this is the only one written in full to avoid confusion with the Arabic numeral 1).
Mentioning Figures and Tables in the Text: In the text, refer to these using the word “Figure” (not abbreviated) and “Table,” numbering them using Arabic numerals strictly in the sequential order they are mentioned in the text.
In-text citations:
The Chungara citation and bibliography style for Endnote software is available for download at www.chungara.cl, in both Spanish and English.
Citations should include the author(s)' last name(s) followed by the year (without a comma between the last name and the year). Avoid using the expressions Op. cit. or Ibid.
For a single author: (Platt 1997) or Rostworowski (1986).
For two authors: (Durston and Hidalgo 1999) or Bittmann and Munizaga (1984).
For three or more authors: (Rothhammer et al. 1984) or Arriaza et al. (1986).
If there are two or more references from the same author in the same year, differentiate them using letters: (Jones and Brown 1972a, 1972b; Wilson and Pérez 1973a, 1973b, 1973c).
For a single author cited in several references, separate the years with commas: (Rivera 1973, 1975, 1987).
For two authors with the same last name and publication year: (L. Núñez 1986; P. Núñez 1986) or L. Núñez (1986); P. Núñez (1986).
Government agency, company, or similar entity as author: (Ministry of Public Works [MOP] 1975).
In subsequent citations, use only the abbreviation (MOP 1975) or MOP (1975).
For references that cite page(s), tables, or figures, note the following format: author's last name / year / colon / page or table or figure number. Note that there is no space between the colon and the page, figure, or table: Mulvany (1994:190); Villagrán and Castro (1999:Table 3); Arriaza (1995:Plate 1).
When citing more than one page, figure, or table, separate them with a dash for consecutive pages (e.g., Nielsen 1997:343-345) and with commas for non-consecutive pages (e.g., Hourani 1990:69, 89-91).
Series consisting of multiple volumes: The volume number is written in Roman or Arabic numerals as it appears in the original.
(Vargas 1997;I:48;II:65) or Vargas (1997;I:48;II:65)
(Ramírez 1999:2:32) or Ramírez (1999:2:32)
Old editions reprinted or republished:
(Cobo 1954 [1653]) or Cobo (1954 [1653])
(Bowman 1941:190 [1929]) or Bowman (1941:190 [1929])
- Acknowledgements. This section is written at the end of the text without starting a new page. The word "Acknowledgments" should be italicized and left-aligned. This section should mention all the institutions and individuals that have provided financial, intellectual, or technical support in the research or development of the manuscript.
6 Cited References. Start a new page.
All citations (in the text, notes, tables, and figure captions) must be included in the Cited References section. They should be listed alphabetically and chronologically by the authors' last names. Format the entries as follows: last name / comma / initials of the first name(s) / period / publication year / period / title and other relevant details, which will vary depending on whether it is a journal article, book, book chapter, etc. See the examples below.
General considerations
Titles of books, journals, published Proceedings, theses, dissertations, and seminar reports should be italicized and capitalized for each word with more than two syllables, whether in Spanish or English.
Titles of journal articles, conference papers, or book chapters should not be italicized, and only the first word should be capitalized, regardless of language.
Page numbers should be included only for journal articles, book chapters, and congress papers or Proceedings.
Book citation: Title in italics and capitalized / period / edition number if applicable/[2] comma / publisher / comma / place of publication. The total number of pages or other details should not be included.
Moseley, M. 1992. The Incas and their Ancestors. The Archaeology of Peru. Thames and Hudson, London.
Clark, G. 1977. World Prehistory in New Perspective. Third edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Compiled or Edited Book: Title in italics and capitalized / period / publisher or printing house / comma / place of publication.
Cremonte, M.B. (compil.) 1998 Los Desarrollos Locales y sus Territorios. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, Jujuy.
Dillehay, T. and D. Meltzer (eds.) 1991 The First Americans: Search and Research. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
Translated Book or article: If it’s an article: title of the article written as a sentence, not italicized / period / Translated by / name of the translator (initial, period, last name) / period / name of the journal where the translation appears in italics / number or volume / colon / pages.
If it’s a book: title in italics, capitalized / period / Translated by / name of the translator (initial, period, last name) / period / publisher / comma / place of publication.
If there are several years between the translation and the original publication, the year of the latter should be noted in brackets followed by the year of the translation.
Troll, C. 1958 [1943]. Las culturas superiores andinas y el medio ambiente geográfico. Translated by C. Nicholson. Revista del Instituto de Geografía 5:3-49.
Bird, J. 1988 [1943]. Excavaciones en el Norte de Chile. Translated by M. Rivera. Ediciones Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica.
Chapter in book: Chapter title not italicized, in sentence case / period / In / title of the book italicized and in title case / comma / edited by / names of the authors or editors of the book (initial, period, last name) / comma / pp. / pages of the chapter / period / publisher / comma / place of publication.
Arriaza, B., A. Aufderheide and I. Muñoz 1993. Análisis antropológico físico la inhumación de Acha 2. In Acha 2 y los Orígenes del Poblamiento Humano en Arica, edited by I. Muñoz, B. Arriaza and A. Aufderheide, pp. 47-64. Ediciones Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica.
Journal article: Title of the article in sentence case, not italicized / period / name of the journal in italics / volume or number / (volume number) / colon / pages (without space between the colon and the page numbers).
Heusser, C.J. 1984 Late Glacial-Holocene climate of the lake district of Chile. Quaternary Research 22 (1):77-90.
Olivera, D. 1997. Olivera, D. 1997. La importancia del recurso Camelidae en la Puna de Atacama entre los 10.000 y 500 años a.p. Estudios Atacameños 14:29-41.
Articles in congress Proceedings, seminars, and symposia in Periodical Publications:
Title of the article in sentence case, not italicized / period / title of the Proceedings not italicized and in title case / name of the periodical publication in italics / volume number (written as: Vol.) / colon / pages / period.
Escola, P.S. 2004 La expeditividad y el registro arqueológico. Proceedings of the 15th National Congress of Chilean Archaeology. Chungara Revista de Antropología Chilena Vol. 1:49-60.
Articles in congress Proceedings, seminars, symposia: Title of the article in sentence case, not italicized / period / title of the Proceedings in italics and in title case / volume number (written as: Vol.) / comma / pp / period / pages / period / publishing entity (not italicized) / comma / place of publication.
Castillo Fuentes, C.P. and M. Sepúlveda Retamal 2015. ¿Movilidad o interacción?: Objetos “no utilitarios” en contextos arcaico tardío del extremo norte de Chile. Proceedings of the 19th National Congress of Chilean Archaeology, 161-172. Sociedad Chilena de Arqueología, Santiago.
Degree seminars, theses and dissertations. For unpublished theses, reports, seminars, and dissertations, use the following format: title in italics and in sentence case / period / indication of whether it is a thesis, report, etc. / Department or Faculty / comma / University / comma / location.
Cassman, V. 1997. A Reconsideration of Prehistoric Ethnicity and Status in Northern Chile: The Textile Evidence. Doctoral Dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tucson.
Castro, V. 1997. Huacca Muchay. Evangelización y Religión Andina en Charcas, Atacama La Baja. Thesis for master’s in history, Mention in Ethnohistory, Department of Historical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago.
Old editions reprinted and/or edited by someone: The year of the original edition must be provided in brackets. Title in italics and in title case / period / publisher / comma / place. If the book was edited by someone, their name(s) is added after the title: title in italics and in title case / comma / edited by / name(s) of the editor(s) (initial and last name).
Bertonio, L. 1984 [1612]. Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara. Ediciones Ceres, Cochabamba.
Guaman Poma de Ayala, F. 1980 [1613]. El Primer Nueva Crónica y Buen Gobierno, edited by J. Murra and R. Adorno. Editorial Siglo Veintiuno, Mexico.
Childe, V.G. 1980 [1954]. Los Orígenes de la Civilización. Fondo de Cultura Económica, México.
In the latter example, the original year indicated in square brackets refers to the first edition of Childe's book in Spanish, that's to say the version being cited, even though the first edition was written in English in 1936.
Reference to electronic articles: Surname of the author, First name of the author. Title of the document or file (day and month of last update). Protocol and address, access path or directory, in italics, (date of consultation).
Websites: Barretto, M. 1998. Paradigmas Actuales de la Museología. (June 3).
http://www.naya.org.ar/articulos/museologia01.htm (April 1 1999).
FTP files: Vitry, C. 1998. Sitios arqueológicos de alta montaña, un patrimonio amenazado. 1st Virtual Congress of Anthropology and Archaeology. (October). ftp://ftp.naya.org.ar/congreso/ponencia3-9.txt, (April 1 1999).
- Notes. Notes should begin on a new page after the References Cited section. They should be used only in exceptional cases. Number the notes using Arabic numerals in Times New Roman, size 10.
- Figures. Figures must be original and of high quality (minimum resolution of 300 dpi) in TIF, JPG, or GIF formats. All symbols used in the figures should be explained within the figure itself, not in its caption. The total number of figures in the manuscript should not exceed 8. Additionally, include a separate Word document listing the title and/or caption for each figure. You must indicate the source and/or authorship of the figures if they do not belong to the author(s) or if they are taken from another source.
- Tables. Include the tables in a separate Word document. Avoid using lengthy tables. Table titles should go at the top of each table.
Recommendations on the use of inclusive language
Chungara Chungara adheres to unbiased research practices and encourages the adoption of inclusive language, free from racist biases, and that related to functional diversity, gender, sexual orientation, beliefs, ideologies, or socioeconomic status. In this regard, it is our recommendation to use non-sexist language that acknowledges the rights of Indigenous peoples and Afro-descendant tribal communities regarding their self-identification and writing conventions as agreed upon internally by their members.
Suggestions for non-sexist language
Proposed manuscripts for publication should pay careful attention to morphological solutions. For writing in Spanish, we recommend considering the guidelines offered by:
Albert Muñoz, Cristina, Guía para un lenguaje no sexista Unidad de Igualdad de Género. Publications Service of the Autonomous University of Madrid, Second Edition 2022 https://libros.uam.es/uam/catalog/download/1184/2068/2345?inline=1
The following are the most recommended linguistic formulas to avoid sexist language in Spanish (with English translations provided):
- If the names of the women or men being referenced are known, it is advisable to use the grammatical form that reflects their gender.
Las docentes encargadas del aula 3 [Alicia García and Matilde Muñoz] will begin the evaluation at three o'clock (The teachers in charge of classroom 3 [Alicia García and Matilde Muñoz] will begin the evaluation at three o'clock).
- In the case of a mixed group of women and men, both feminine and masculine forms will be used if it is known that the majority are women; or the masculine and feminine forms if the majority are men. Depending on the level of participation, one can begin with either of the two forms and use them alternately, or choose an alphabetical order (e.g., alumnas y alumnos, or doctor y doctora).
Las ministras y los ministros de Pedro Sánchez juran hoy sus cargos (The ministers of Pedro Sánchez are taking their oaths today. [If they are predominantly women]
Los Rectores de las Universidades firmantes del II Convenio se reúnen hoy en la UIMP (The rectors of the universities signing the II Agreement are meeting today at the UIMP. [If there are no women rectors].
Las vicedecanas y los vicedecanos informarán sobre el desarrollo de los planes de estudio (The vice-deans will provide updates on the development of the study plans). / Se hará cargo del cierre de actas el gestor o gestora de cada Departamento (The manager of each department will be responsible for closing the records). [Alphabetical order]
Los egresados y las egresadas universitarias / Las egresadas y egresados universitarios / Los y las egresadas universitarias / Las y los egresados universitarios con un expediente que supere el 9 de nota media, recibirán una invitación a la charla informativa sobre excelencia (Graduates with a GPA over 9 will receive an invitation to the informational talk on excellence). [Alternating throughout the text]
- We advise the use of generic or epicene nouns (persona, sujeto, individuo, personaje, miembro, etc.), colective nouns (ciudadanía, alumnado, equipo) and abstract nouns (arqueología for arqueólogo/a, autoría for autor/a, dirección for director/a).
Instead of: El rendimiento íntegro deberá́ imputarse al titular o a la titular del derecho (Gross earnings must be attributed to the holder of the right), we can say: El rendimiento íntegro deberá imputarse a la persona titular del derecho (Gross earnings must be attributed to the person who holds the right).
Instead of: La normativa se dirigía a los alumnos y les explicaba los derechos y obligaciones de obligaciones de los mismos (The regulations were directed at the students and explained their rights and obligations), we can say: La normativa se dirigía al alumnado y les explicaba sus derechos y obligaciones (The regulations were directed at the student body and explained their rights and obligations).
Instead of: El director se dirigió́ a todo el personal mediante un correo (The director addressed all the staff via email), we can say: La dirección se dirigió́ a todo el personal mediante un correo (The administration addressed all the staff via email).
- Periphrases and phrases also favor more egalitarian formulas (personal investigador (researcher) instead ofinvestigador/a; or titular de una beca (grant holder) instead of becario/a), as well as gender-neutral pronouns: neutral forms versus pronouns accompanied by a masculine or feminine article (el que or la que instead of quien); generic formulas—gender-neutral pronouns—instead of indefinite pronouns (instead of uno or una, it would be better to use alguien or nadie). Adjectives without gender markings are also preferred (for example, diferente instead of distintosand distintas; ilustres (illustrious), insignes (distinguished), excelentes (excellent), célebres (renowned) instead of prestigiosas (prestigious) or prestigiosos; cualquier (any) or cada (each) instead of todo (all), etc.).
Instead of: El abajo firmante (the undersigned), we can say: Quien abajo firma (whoever signs below).
Instead of: Todos los alumnos pueden participar en el concurso (All students can participate in the contest), we can say: Cualquier estudiante puede participar en el concurso (Any student can participate in the contest).
Impersonal language, omitting the subject, using the second person singular (tú or usted) or the first-person plural, or the imperative form of the verb can also be used Moreover, it is advisable to replace passive verbs with active verbs or impersonal forms with se.
Instead of: Los alumnos pueden cancelar la matrícula antes del 23 de octubre (Students can cancel their enrollment before October 23), we can say: Se puede cancelar la matrícula antes del 23 de octubre (Enrollment can be canceled before October 23).
- In cases where the particle accompanying a noun determines its gender, it is our recommendation to 1) eliminate one of the two articles (the one corresponding to the gender that comes second), although this option cannot be applied when using invariable nouns; and 2) instead of splitting the determiners, adjectives, and participles that agree with the noun, you can use proximity agreement:
Instead of: Las profesoras y los profesores serán convocadas y convocados por orden de entrega de la documentación (Teachers will be called upon in order of document submission), we can say: Se convocará a los profesores y profesoras por orden de entrega de la documentación (Teachers will be called upon in order of document submission).
Instead of: Los profesores que se presentaron al concurso serán convocados por orden de entrega de la documentación. (The teachers who entered the competition will be called upon in order of document submission), we can say: Serán convocadas* las profesoras y profesores que se presentaron al concurso por orden de entrega de documentación (The teachers who entered the competition will be called upon in order of document submission).
Other formulas that are also used:
- Disaggregation. Although this is the most well-known option, its application should be cautious, as excessive use can cause the language to lose economy and reading to lose fluidity. When disaggregation is unavoidable, it is advisable to alternate between the feminine and masculine forms, placing one at the beginning throughout the text:
Las investigadoras e investigadores deberán presentar la documentación dentro del plazo (Researchers must submit the documentation before the deadline).
The symbol @ as well as slashes or dashes should not be used. Spanish grammar does not accept non-binary formulas, such as replacing -o/-a with the suffixes -e or -x.
- Explanatory appositions. Explanatory appositions. In cases where the use of the masculine generic is unavoidable, it is advisable to use these additions to clarify its universal meaning. Similar to disaggregation, their use can hinder readability and may even be redundant when such clarification is unnecessary:
Los pacientes, mujeres y hombres, podrán solicitar asistencia especializada (Patients may request specialized assistance).
For manuscripts written in English it is recommended to apply the guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA). Equity, diversity, and inclusion toolkit for journal editors:
https://www.apa.org/pubs/authors/equity-diversity-inclusin-toolkit-journal-editors.pdf
Recommendations for naming and writing about Indigenous and tribal peoples of African descent.
Indigenous peoples and the Afro-descendant Tribal people, along with Chile's Ministry of Cultures, Arts, and Heritage, have proposed guidelines for how to refer to them.
Key suggestions include:
Avoid using the terms "etnias" (ethnic groups) or "poblaciones" (populations). While "ethnicity" is a valid anthropological classification used in Law 19.253 (Indigenous Law), it is not a term that Indigenous peoples use to describe themselves. Similarly, referring to them as "poblaciones" (populations) ignores their status as holders of collective rights under international law. Always use the term "pueblo" (people) before their specific name in Spanish. The word "pueblo" (people) should be in lowercase, while the proper name should begin with a capital letter. For example, Rapa Nui people, Diaguita people, Mapuche people. Respect the self-identification of each group. Even if other sources use different names for an Indigenous group, it’s essential to refer to them by the name they currently use for themselves.
Incorrect examples:
Las etnias reconocidas por la Ley Indígena 19.253 son once (There are eleven ethnic groups recognized by Indigenous Law 19.253).
La población aymara celebra el Machaq Mara o Mara T’aqa durante el mes de junio (The Aymara population celebrates Machaq Mara or Mara T’aqa during June).
Correct examples:
Los pueblos indígenas reconocidos por la Ley Indígena 19.253 son once (There are eleven Indigenous peoples recognized by Indigenous Law 19.253).
El pueblo Aymara celebra el Machaq Mara o Mara T’aqa durante el mes de junio (The Aymara people celebrate Machaq Mara or Mara T’aqa during June).
It is important not to refer to "our" Indigenous peoples, but rather to "the" Indigenous peoples. Additionally, we should say Indigenous peoples "in Chile" instead of "of Chile," as they do not belong to the country.
Care should be taken when using certain concepts that were employed in previous decades to describe the relationship between Indigenous peoples and the Afro-descendant Tribal community in Chile with the State and its various social components. In this regard, at the beginning of the 20th century, state institutions in Latin America developed public policies based on concepts such as "assimilation" and "integration", which reflected the subordination of these peoples to national governments.
Incorrect example:
Gran parte de nuestros pueblos indígenas de Chile celebran el solsticio de invierno, una fecha de gran relevancia sociocultural principalmente asociada a los ciclos naturales de la tierra (A large proportion of our Chilean Indigenous peoples celebrate the winter solstice, a date of great socio-cultural significance primarily associated with the natural cycles of the earth).
Correct example:
Gran parte de los pueblos indígenas en Chile celebran el solsticio de invierno, una fecha de gran relevancia sociocultural principalmente asociada a los ciclos naturales de la tierra (A large proportion of the Indigenous peoples in Chile celebrate the winter solstice, a date of great socio-cultural significance primarily associated with the natural cycles of the earth.).
While the concept of "integration" was considered an advancement in its time, it is now viewed as having a detrimental impact on both Indigenous peoples and the Tribal Afro-descendant community in Chile. Instead, the term "incorporation" is recommended.
Incorrect example:
La consulta previa busca integrar la visión de los pueblos originarios (The prior consultation seeks to integrate the perspectives of Indigenous peoples).
Correct example:
La consulta previa busca incorporar la visión de los pueblos originarios ante la materia consultada. (The prior consultation seeks to incorporate the perspectives of Indigenous peoples regarding the subject at hand).
Specific Recommendations for Indigenous Peoples in Chile
Atacameño— Lickanantay, using both terms simultaneously, separated by a hyphen.
Colla: this is the term most commonly used by members of this community in the territories they currently inhabit. Nevertheless, the spelling "Kolla" is also used.
Chango: the self-designation and spelling agreed upon by its members has been respected.
Diaguita: the self-designation and spelling agreed upon by its members has been respected.
Rapa Nui: it is recommended to refer to the insular territory as Rapa Nui rather than "Easter Island." It should be capitalized when referring to the name of the people and the island Rapa Nui. In Spanish, when the text refers to the culture or any related meaning, it should be written in lowercase: rapa nui.
Mapuche: the corresponding territorial identity should be mentioned, as identified by the community. For example, it is advisable to specify if it refers to the Mapuche Lafkenche, Mapuche Pehuenche or Pewenche, or Mapuche Huilliche or Williche.
Similarly, self-designations such as "Mapuche Pikunche" have emerged in the central area, from northern Chico to Biobío, and "Moluche" in the central region of Biobío.
Kawésqar: the Kawésqar people have requested a change in their identification, specifically rejecting the terms "kawashkar" and "alacalufe".
Yagán: the Yagán people have also requested a change in how they are identified, specifically rejecting the term "yámana."
Selk'nam: it is more appropriate to use "Selk'nam" instead of "Ona," as the latter is a Yagán term that refers to the Selk'nam people, with whom they have historically been associated.
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For Indigenous peoples from other regions, it is recommended to adopt the self-designated names and writing forms agreed upon by them.
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